"India: Location, Extent, and Physiographic Divisions" for RIMC exams
Location of India :-
1. *Latitude*:
India is located between 8°4' and 37°6' North latitude.
2. *Longitude*:
India is situated between 68°7' and 97°25' East longitude.
3. *Northernmost Point*:
The northernmost point of India is Indira Col, located in the state of Jammu and Kashmir.
4. *Southernmost Point*:
The southernmost point of India is Indira Point, located in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
5. *Easternmost Point*:
The easternmost point of India is Kibithu, located in the state of Arunachal Pradesh.
6. *Westernmost Point*:
The westernmost point of India is Ghuar Mota, located in the state of Gujarat.
Extent of India :-
1. *Total Area*:
India's total area is approximately 3.28 million square kilometers.
2. *Land Boundary*:
India shares a land boundary of approximately 15,200 kilometers with six countries: Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, and Bangladesh.
3. *Coastline*:
India's coastline is approximately 7,517 kilometers long.
4. *Length and Width*:
India's length from north to south is approximately 3,214 kilometers, and its width from east to west is approximately 2,933 kilometers.
*Physiographic Divisions of India*
1. *The Himalayan Mountains*: The Himalayas are the northernmost physiographic division of India, stretching for approximately 2,500 kilometers.
- *Great Himalayas*: The highest range of the Himalayas, with peaks like Mount Everest and K2.
- *Lesser Himalayas*: A lower range of the Himalayas, with peaks like the Dhauladhar and the Pir Panjal.
- *Outer Himalayas*: The foothills of the Himalayas, also known as the Shiwalik Range.
2. *The Indo-Gangetic Plain*: A vast plain stretching from the Himalayas to the Deccan Plateau, approximately 2,400 kilometers long and 400 kilometers wide.
- *Ganga-Brahmaputra Delta*: A fertile region where the Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers meet.
- *Indus-Ganga Plain*: A region where the Indus and Ganges rivers flow.
3. *The Deccan Plateau*: A plateau covering most of southern India, approximately 500,000 square kilometers in area.
- *Eastern Ghats*: A mountain range running along the eastern coast of India.
- *Western Ghats*: A mountain range running along the western coast of India.
4. *The Coastal Plains*: Narrow strips of land along the eastern and western coasts of India.
- *Eastern Coastal Plain*: A narrow plain along the Bay of Bengal.
- *Western Coastal Plain*: A narrow plain along the Arabian Sea.
5. *The Islands*: India has two main island groups: the Andaman and Nicobar Islands in the Bay of Bengal and the Lakshadweep Islands in the Arabian Sea.
*Important Features*
1. *The Tropic of Cancer*: The Tropic of Cancer passes through the middle of India, dividing it into two parts.
2. *The Standard Meridian*: The Standard Meridian of India is 82°30' East longitude, passing through the city of Mirzapur in Uttar Pradesh.
3. *The Time Zone*: India has a single time zone, which is 5 hours 30 minutes ahead of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).
*Key Points to Remember*
1. India's geographical location has influenced its climate, culture, and economy.
2. The Himalayas are the source of many major rivers in India, including the Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Indus.
3. The Indo-Gangetic Plain is the most fertile region in India, often referred to as the "breadbasket" of the country.
4. The Deccan Plateau is rich in mineral resources, including coal, iron, and manganese.
5. The Eastern and Western Ghats are home to many important hill stations, including Ooty, Kodaikanal, and Darjeeling.
I hope these detailed notes help you prepare for your RIMC exams :- Aniket Ncert
Here are the corrected questions:
1. What is the longitudinal extent of India?
A) 68°7' E to 97°25' E
B) 70° E to 100° E
C) 75° E to 105° E
D) 80° E to 110° E
Answer: A) 68°7' E to 97°25' E
2. Which of the following mountain ranges is also known as the Shiwalik Range?
A) Great Himalayas
B) Lesser Himalayas
C) Outer Himalayas
D) Eastern Ghats
Answer: C) Outer Himalayas
3. What is the name of the delta formed by the Ganges and Brahmaputra rivers?
A) Ganga-Brahmaputra Delta
B) Indus-Ganga Delta
C) Krishna-Godavari Delta
D) Kaveri Delta
Answer: A) Ganga-Brahmaputra Delta
4. Which of the following states is located in the Deccan Plateau?
A) Maharashtra
B) Gujarat
C) Rajasthan
D) All of the above
Answer: A) Maharashtra
5. What is the time zone of India?
A) 5 hours 30 minutes ahead of GMT
B) 6 hours ahead of GMT
C) 7 hours ahead of GMT
D) 8 hours ahead of GMT
Answer: A) 5 hours 30 minutes ahead of GMT
6. Which of the following is the southernmost point of India?
A) Indira Point
B) Kibithu
C) Ghuar Mota
D) Cape Comorin
Answer: A) Indira Point
7. What is the latitudinal extent of India?
A) 8°4' N to 37°6' N
B) 10° N to 30° N
C) 20° N to 40° N
D) 15° N to 35° N
Answer: A) 8°4' N to 37°6' N
8. Which of the following mountains is the highest peak in India?
A) Mount Everest
B) K2
C) Kangchenjunga
D) Nanda Devi
Answer: A) Mount Everest
9. What is the name of the plain that stretches from the Himalayas to the Deccan Plateau?
A) Indo-Gangetic Plain
B) Deccan Plateau
C) Eastern Coastal Plain
D) Western Coastal Plain
Answer: A) Indo-Gangetic Plain
10. Which of the following rivers flows through the Indo-Gangetic Plain?
A) Ganges
B) Brahmaputra
C) Indus
D) All of the above
Answer: D) All of the above
11. What is the length of India's coastline?
A) 5,000 km
B) 6,000 km
C) 7,517 km
D) 8,000 km
Answer: C) 7,517 km
12. Which of the following is the easternmost point of India?
A) Kibithu
B) Indira Point
C) Ghuar Mota
D) Cape Comorin
Answer: A) Kibithu
13. What is the name of the mountain range that runs along the eastern coast of India?
A) Eastern Ghats
B) Western Ghats
C) Himalayas
D) Aravalli
Answer: A) Eastern Ghats
14. Which of the following is the westernmost point of India?
A) Ghuar Mota
B) Indira Point
C) Kibithu
D) Cape Comorin
Answer: A) Ghuar Mota
15. What is the total area of India?
A) 2.5 million sq km
B) 3.2 million sq km
C) 3.5 million sq km
D) 4 million sq km
Answer: B) 3.2 million sq km
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