Geography

Geography :- 

The English language word Geography is made up of two words - Geo (ज्यो) meaning earth and Grapho (ग्रेफो) meaning description, thus geography means description of the earth.

According to Strabo, geography is such a subject, whose goal is to make people aware of world celestial bodies, land, ocean, flora, fauna, fruits and every other thing seen in the areas of the earth's surface.

Some Important Definitions of Geography

Kant Geography :-  The area of ​​the earth's surface is a subject to be studied critically.

Ritter:- Geography is that branch of science, which studies the various features, phenomena and their relations of the globe.

Ritter emphasized the regional approach in geography.

Humboldt :-  Geography is a science related to the study of nature and its purpose is to study the interrelationships of various natural elements.

Humboldt has considered geography as a critical science.

Ratzel :-  Geography is the subject of study of co-relationships between man and his environment. Ratzel's anthropocentrism in geography

Hartshon :-  Geography studies and analyzes regional variations. Claudius Ptolemy - Geography is a wonderful science that sees the glimpse of the earth in heaven.

There are two main branches of geography - physical geography and human geography.

(a) Under physical geography, the elements of physical objects related to man, such as sea, earth, atmosphere etc. and the factors that bring changes in them are studied.

(b) Under human geography, from the birth of man till the present time, his development, activities, changes and transitions etc. are studied.

Relating to the nature and origin of the universe

The science is called Cosmology.

Earth is a negligible part of this universe. Initially it was believed that the earth is located at the center of the universe. Ptolemy propounded this theory in 140 AD was did.

In 1543 AD, Copernicus said that the Sun is the center of the universe.But Compler pointed out that the Sun is the Solar Systems is the center of. In 1805, Hussle said that the solar system is a part of the Milky Way.

In 1925, Hubble found that millions of galaxies are found in the universe. Edwin P. Hubble reported that the diameter of the universe in the visible 250 crore light years.

The most valid theory in relation is Its rendering was done by Belgian astronomer and the average AB George Lamentire in 1960-70 AD.

Big Bang Theory :- 

This is the latest theory to explain the origin of the universe, which is also known as the Fire Theory. According to this theory, about 15 billion years ago, cosmic matter existed in the form of a highly compressed body and the temperature and pressure of this compressed body was very high.

There was a rapid explosion in this compressed body and its pieces were converted into a celestial body and these fragmented pieces are still moving at a speed of thousands of kilometers per second.As in all explosions, the most distant fragments are moving most rapidly.

Measurement units of space Light year: 3 x 102 km in vacuum. Distance traveled by light in one year at the speed of m/s.

Light year - 5.88 100 miles Space Unit (L): Average distance between Sun and Earth LA.0 = 1.49 x 10 km. 

Parsec: It is a unit of distance.

1 parsec = 3.26 light years

Cosmic Year The period of revolution of the Sun is called Cosmic Year. 1 cosmic year= 250 million years, the distance of the Sun from the Earth is 14.98 crore km. Is. Sunlight takes 8 minutes to reach the earth.It takes 200 seconds i.e. 500 seconds.

Distance of Moon from Earth = 384365 km. Proxima Centauri's distance from Earth= 4.3 light years